CSC/ECE 506 Spring 2014/4a ad
Automatic Parallelization
Auto parallelization is the technique of automatically converting a sequential code into multi-threaded or vectorized (or even both) code. Therefore one can take advantage of a shared memory multi processor environment to run the multi threaded code and obtain a better performance. This also serves the goal of relieving programmers from the tedious and error-prone manual parallelization process.
Introduction
With increasing transistor densities, multi-core computing systems are being touted as the most popular means of delivering performance. Unless the application is parallelized efficiently, one cannot realize the potential of multi core environment. It is a challenge to efficiently parallelize sequential programs without any errors. It is widely accepted that manual parallelization of code, by expert programmers, leads to the most streamlined parallel implementation. But it is also a costly and time consuming process. If one can parallelize the compiler technology to itself while ensuring the formal correctness of the resulting parallel code, time-to-market and cost can be greatly reduced.
Approaches
Abhishek
Generally, a high fraction of a program’s execution time takes place in one form of loop or the other. So the initial emphasis of auto parallelization was on loop level parallelization.There are two main approaches to parallelization of loops: pipelined multi-threading and cyclic multi-threading.
Cyclic multithreading
A parallelizing compiler using cyclic multithreading tries to split a loop in a such a way that each iteration of a loop can be executed concurrently on a different processor.Before actually parallelizing the code, the compiler does two passes analyzing the following in each pass the code respectively.
- a) How safe is it to parallelize the loop?