CSC 456 Spring 2012/ch1 BC: Difference between revisions

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|1971
|1971
|4004
|4004
|740 KHz, 2300 transistors, 10 micrometers, 640B addressable memory, 4 KB program memory
|740KHz, 2300 transistors, 10 micrometers, 640B addressable memory, 4KB program memory
|
|
|-
|-
|1978
|1978
|8086
|8086
|16 bit, 5-10 MHz, 29000 transistors at 3 micrometers, 1MB addressable memory
|16-bit, 5-10MHz, 29000 transistors at 3 micrometers, 1MB addressable memory
|
|
|-
|-
|1982
|1982
|80286
|80286
|8-12.5 MHz
|8-12.5MHz
|Virtual memory and protection mode
|Virtual memory and protection mode
|-
|-
|1985
|1985
|386
|386
|32 bit, 16-33MHz, 275K transistors, 4 GB addressable memory
|32-bit, 16-33MHz, 275K transistors, 4GB addressable memory
|Pipelining
|Pipelining
|-
|-
Line 41: Line 41:
|1993
|1993
|Pentium
|Pentium
|60-200 MHz
|60-200MHz
|On-chip L1 caches and SMP suport
|On-chip L1 caches and SMP suport
|-
|-
Line 51: Line 51:
|1997
|1997
|Pentium MMX
|Pentium MMX
|233-450 MHz, 32KB L1 cache, 4.5M transistors
|233-450MHz, 32KB L1 cache, 4.5M transistors
|Dynamic branch prediction, MMX instruction sets
|Dynamic branch prediction, MMX instruction sets
|-
|-
|199
|1999
|Pentium III
|Pentium III
|450-1400MHz, 256KB L2 cache on chip, 28M transistors
|450-1400MHz, 256KB L2 cache on chip, 28M transistors
Line 61: Line 61:
|2000
|2000
|Pentium IV
|Pentium IV
|1.4-3 GHz, 55M transistors
|1.4-3GHz, 55M transistors
|Hyperpipelining and SMT
|Hyperpipelining and SMT
|
|
Line 67: Line 67:
|2006
|2006
|Xeon
|Xeon
|64 bit, 2 GHz, 167M transistors, 4MB L2 cache on chip
|64-bit, 2GHz, 167M transistors, 4MB L2 cache on chip
|Dual-core and virtualization support
|Dual-core and virtualization support
|-
|-
|2008
|'''2008'''
|Intel Core i7
|'''Intel Core i7'''
|64bit, 3.2GHz, 730m transistors, 4 core
|'''64-bit, 3.2GHz, 730M transistors, 4 core'''
|
|
|-
|-
|2010
|'''2010'''
|Intel Xeon "Nehalem-EX"
|'''Intel Xeon "Nehalem-EX"'''
|64bit, 2.66ghz, 2300m transistors, 8 core
|'''64-bit, 2.66GHz, 2300M transistors, 8 core'''
|
|
|-
|-
|2011
|'''2011'''
|Intel Xeon E7
|'''Intel Xeon E7'''
|64bit, 2.67ghz, 2600m transistors, 10 core
|'''64-bit, 2.67GHz, 2600M transistors, 10 core'''
|first Intel chip with 10 processors
|'''First Intel chip with 10 processors'''
|}
|}




z196
{| class="wikitable"
4 cores
|-
5.3ghz
!Examples of Current Multicore Processors
OOO Superscalar
|-
128kb L1
!Name
1.5mb L2
!# Cores
24mb L3
!Clock Freq
192mb L4
!Clock Type
1800 watts
!Caches
 
!Chip Power
Xeon E
|-
10 cores
|z196
2.67ghz
|4 cores
SIMD
|5.3GHz
64kb l1
|OOO Superscalar
256kb l2
|128KB L1, 1.5MB L2, 24MB L3, 192MB L4
30mbl3
|1800W
130W
|-
|Intel Xeon E
|10 cores
|2.67GHz
|SIMD
|64KB L1, 256KB L2, 30MB L3
|130W
|}

Revision as of 18:54, 6 February 2012

From 2006-2012 the increase in the number of transistors on a chip has grown from 167 million to 2.6 billion, a 15x increase.

From 2006-2012 the clock frequency has increased from 2.4ghz to 5.2, a 2.2x increase.

IBM now has the 16-core processor Power PC A2, Intel has the 10 core Xeon E7, AMD has the 16 Opteron Interlagos, and Sun has the 8-core Niagara.

Evolution of Intel Processors
From Procs Specifications New Features
1971 4004 740KHz, 2300 transistors, 10 micrometers, 640B addressable memory, 4KB program memory
1978 8086 16-bit, 5-10MHz, 29000 transistors at 3 micrometers, 1MB addressable memory
1982 80286 8-12.5MHz Virtual memory and protection mode
1985 386 32-bit, 16-33MHz, 275K transistors, 4GB addressable memory Pipelining
1989 486 25-100MHz, 1.5M transistors FPU integration
1993 Pentium 60-200MHz On-chip L1 caches and SMP suport
1995 Pentium Pro 16KB L1 caches, 5.5M transistors OOO execution
1997 Pentium MMX 233-450MHz, 32KB L1 cache, 4.5M transistors Dynamic branch prediction, MMX instruction sets
1999 Pentium III 450-1400MHz, 256KB L2 cache on chip, 28M transistors SSE instruction sets
2000 Pentium IV 1.4-3GHz, 55M transistors Hyperpipelining and SMT
2006 Xeon 64-bit, 2GHz, 167M transistors, 4MB L2 cache on chip Dual-core and virtualization support
2008 Intel Core i7 64-bit, 3.2GHz, 730M transistors, 4 core
2010 Intel Xeon "Nehalem-EX" 64-bit, 2.66GHz, 2300M transistors, 8 core
2011 Intel Xeon E7 64-bit, 2.67GHz, 2600M transistors, 10 core First Intel chip with 10 processors


Examples of Current Multicore Processors
Name # Cores Clock Freq Clock Type Caches Chip Power
z196 4 cores 5.3GHz OOO Superscalar 128KB L1, 1.5MB L2, 24MB L3, 192MB L4 1800W
Intel Xeon E 10 cores 2.67GHz SIMD 64KB L1, 256KB L2, 30MB L3 130W
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