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| == Step 1: Installing JUnit == | | ==Junit== |
| | | ==Introduction== |
| 1. Download latest version of JUnit from http://sourceforge.net/projects/junit/files/ referred as “referred to below as junit.zip”.
| | ===Unit Testing Overview=== |
| 2. Then install JUnit on your platform of choice:
| | ===Junit Overview=== |
| Windows
| | ==Websites to lookout== |
| To install JUnit on Windows, follow these steps:
| | ===For Overview=== |
| 1. Unzip the junit.zip distribution file to a directory referred to as %JUNIT_HOME%.
| | ===For Ideas on test case design=== |
| 2. Add JUnit to the classpath:
| | ==How to get started== |
| set CLASSPATH=%JUNIT_HOME%\junit.jar
| | ===Setup=== |
| Unix (bash)
| | ===Simple testing example=== |
| To install JUnit on Unix, follow these steps:
| | ==Rules for writing effective Junit test cases== |
| 1. Unzip the junit.zip distribution file to a directory referred to as $JUNIT_HOME.
| |
| 2. Add JUnit to the classpath:
| |
| export CLASSPATH=$JUNIT_HOME/junit.jar
| |
| | |
| == Step 2: Writing a Test Case == | |
| To write a test case, follow these steps:
| |
| 1. Implement a class derived from TestCase, a base class provided by JUnit.
| |
| public class ShoppingCartTest extends TestCase
| |
| 2. Be sure the test class belongs to the same package as that of the unit you wish to test
| |
| 3. Override the setUp() method to initialize object(s) under test.
| |
| 4. Optionally override the tearDown() method to release object(s) under test.
| |
| 5. Define one or more public testXXX() methods that exercise the object(s) under test and assert expected results.
| |
| The following is an example test case:
| |
| <source lang=java>
| |
| import junit.framework.TestCase;
| |
| | |
| public class ShoppingCartTest extends TestCase {
| |
| | |
| private ShoppingCart cart1;
| |
| private ShoppingCart cart2;
| |
| | |
| /**
| |
| * Sets up the test fixture.
| |
| *
| |
| * Called before every test case method.
| |
| */
| |
| protected void setUp() {
| |
| | |
| cart1 = new ShoppingCart(6,8);
| |
| cart2 = new ShoppingCart(6,8);
| |
| }
| |
| | |
| /**
| |
| * Tears down the test fixture.
| |
| *
| |
| * Called after every test case method.
| |
| */
| |
| protected void tearDown() {
| |
| // release objects under test here, if necessary
| |
| }
| |
| | |
| /**
| |
| * Tests emptying the cart.
| |
| */
| |
| public void testEmpty() {
| |
| | |
| cart1.empty();
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| cart2.empty();
| |
| assertEquals(cart1, new ShoppingCart(3, 9));
| |
| assertTrue(!cart2.equals(cart1));
| |
| }
| |
| }
| |
| </source>
| |
| Methods used in JUnit:
| |
| 1. An assert method is a JUnit method that performs a test, and throws an AssertionFailedError if the test fails
| |
| 2. static void assertTrue(boolean test)
| |
| static void assertTrue(String message, boolean test)
| |
| a. Throws an AssertionFailedError if the test fails
| |
| b. The optional message is included in the Error
| |
| 3. static void assertFalse(boolean test)
| |
| static void assertFalse(String message, boolean test)
| |
| a. Throws an AssertionFailedError if the test fails
| |
| | |
| == Step 3: Writing a Test Suite == | |
| Next, we'll write a test suite that includes several test cases. The test suite will allow us to run all of its test cases in one fell swoop.
| |
| To write a test suite, follow these steps:
| |
| 1. Write a Java class that defines a static suite() factory method that creates a TestSuite containing all the tests.
| |
| 2. Optionally define a main() method that runs the TestSuite in batch mode.
| |
| The following is an example test suite:
| |
| <source lang=java>
| |
| import junit.framework.Test;
| |
| import junit.framework.TestSuite;
| |
| | |
| public class ShoppingCartTestSuite {
| |
|
| |
| public static Test suite() {
| |
| | |
| TestSuite suite = new TestSuite();
| |
|
| |
| //
| |
| // The ShoppingCartTest we created above.
| |
| //
| |
| suite.addTestSuite(ShoppingCartTest.class);
| |
| | |
| //
| |
| // Another example test suite of tests.
| |
| //
| |
| suite.addTest(CreditCardTestSuite.suite());
| |
| | |
| //
| |
| // Add more tests here
| |
| //
| |
| | |
| return suite;
| |
| }
| |
| | |
| /**
| |
| * Runs the test suite using the textual runner.
| |
| */
| |
| public static void main(String[] args) {
| |
| junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite());
| |
| }
| |
| }</source>
| |
| | |
| == Step 4: Running the Test == | |
| Now that we've written a test suite containing a collection of test cases and other test suites, we can run either the test suite or any of its test cases individually. Running a TestSuite will automatically run all of its subordinate TestCase instances and TestSuite instances. Running a TestCase will automatically invoke all of its public testXXX() methods.
| |
| JUnit provides both a textual and a graphical user interface. Both user interfaces indicate how many tests were run, any errors or failures, and a simple completion status. The simplicity of the user interfaces is the key to running tests quickly. You should be able to run your tests and know the test status with a glance, much like you do with a compiler.
| |
| To run our test case using the textual user interface, use:
| |
| java junit.textui.TestRunner ShoppingCartTest
| |
| The textual user interface displays "OK" if all the tests passed and failure messages if any of the tests failed.
| |
| To run the test case using the graphical user interface, use:
| |
| java junit.swingui.TestRunner ShoppingCartTest
| |
| The graphical user interface displays a Swing window with a green progress bar if all the tests passed or a red progress bar if any of the tests failed.
| |
| The ShoppingCartTest Suite can be run similarly:
| |
| java junit.swingui.TestRunner ShoppingCartTestSuite
| |