CSC/ECE 506 Spring 2010/ch 2 maf

Supplement to Chapter 2: The Data Parallel Programming Model

Comparing the Data Parallel Model with the Shared Memory and Message Passing Models

Comparison between shared memory, message passing, and data parallel programming models (adapted from Solihin 2008, page 22).

Aspects	Shared Memory	Message Passing	Data Parallel
Communication	implicit (via loads/stores)	explicit messages	implicit
Synchronization	explicit	implicit (via messages)	implicit for SIMD; explicit for SPMD
Hardware support	typically required	none
Development effort	lower	higher	higher
Tuning effort	higher	lower

A Code Example

// Simple sequential code from Solihin 2008, page 25.

for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    a[i] = b[i] + c[i];
sum = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    if (a[i] > 0)
        sum = sum + a[i];
Print sum;

// Data parallel implementation in C for CUDA.

__global__ void kernel(
    double* a,
    double* b,
    double* c,
    double* local_sum)
{
    int id = threadIdx.x;
    int local_iter = 4;
    int start_iter = id * local_iter;
    int end_iter = start_iter + local_iter;
   
    for (int i = start_iter; i < end_iter; i++)
        a[i] = b[i] + c[i];
   
    local_sum[id] = 0;
    for (int i = start_iter; i < end_iter; i++)
        local_sum[id] = local_sum[id] + a[i];
}
 
int main()
{
    double a[8], b[8], c[8], local_sum[2];
    kernel<<<1, 2>>>(a, b, c, local_sum);
    double sum = local_sum[0] + local_sum[1];
    cout << sum;
}

C DATA PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATION IN FORTRAN

REAL A(8), B(8), C(8), LOCAL_SUM(2)

FORALL ID = 1:2
    LOCAL_ITER = 4
    START_ITER = (ID - 1) * LOCAL_ITER + 1
    END_ITER = START_ITER + LOCAL_ITER - 1
    DO I = START_ITER:END_ITER
        A[I] = B[I] + C[I]
    END DO
END FORALL

FORALL ID = 1:2
    LOCAL_ITER = 4
    START_ITER = (ID - 1) * LOCAL_ITER + 1
    END_ITER = START_ITER + LOCAL_ITER - 1
    LOCAL_SUM[ID] = 0;
    DO I = START_ITER:END_ITER
        LOCAL_SUM[ID] = LOCAL_SUM[ID] + A[I]
    END DO
END FORALL

SUM = LOCAL_SUM[0] + LOCAL_SUM[1]
WRITE(*,*) SUM