CSC/ECE 517 Fall 2009/wiki1a 11 rubyvspython - Revision history

Snirgud at 22:31, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T22:31:39Z

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	==Advantages Over Statically Typed Languages==		==Advantages Over Statically Typed Languages==
	A programming language is said to use static typing when type checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time. Statically typed languages include Ada, C, C++, C#, JADE, Java, Fortran, Haskell, ML, Pascal, Perl and Scala [26].		A programming language is said to use static typing when type checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time. Statically typed languages include [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_(programming_language) Ada], C, C++, C#, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JADE_(programming_language) JADE], Java, Fortran, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haskell_(programming_language) Haskell], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ML_(programming_language) ML], Pascal, Perl and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_(programming_language) Scala] [26].

	====Code Size====		====Code Size====

Snirgud at 22:25, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T22:25:45Z

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	* Java does not support operator overloading [29].		* Java does not support operator overloading [29].
	* Generators (functions that save state between different results) not present in Java [29].		* Generators (functions that save state between different results) not present in Java [29].
	* Ruby/Python support metaprogramming as well as the procedural and functional paradigms [30].		* Ruby/Python support [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaprogramming metaprogramming] as well as the procedural and functional paradigms [30].

	==Comparison by Application Domains==		==Comparison by Application Domains==

Snirgud at 22:17, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T22:17:24Z

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	Ruby does not support multiple inheritance but provides support so that classes can import modules as mixins [3].		Ruby does not support multiple inheritance but provides support so that classes can import modules as mixins [3].
	A mixin is a class that provides a certain functionality to be inherited by a subclass, while not meant for instantiation (the generating of objects of that class). Inheriting from a mixin is not a form of specialization but is rather a means of collecting functionality. A class may inherit most or all of its functionality from one or more mixins through multiple inheritance [16].		A mixin is a class that provides a certain functionality to be inherited by a subclass, while not meant for instantiation (the generating of objects of that class). Inheriting from a mixin is not a form of [http://docs.oasis-open.org/dita/v1.0/archspec/specialize.html specialization] but is rather a means of collecting functionality. A class may inherit most or all of its functionality from one or more mixins through multiple inheritance [16].
	require "tcalc"		require "tcalc"
	class Invoice		class Invoice
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	====Support for Threads====		====Support for Threads====
	Ruby does not support OS (preemptive) threads and most code is not threadsafe.		Ruby does not support OS (preemptive) threads and most code is not [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_safety threadsafe].

	Python does support preemptive OS threads which can be used to handle concurrency well when some threads are blocking on external sources (disk access, network IO, waiting on a socket, etc) [18].		Python does support preemptive OS threads which can be used to handle concurrency well when some threads are blocking on external sources (disk access, network IO, waiting on a socket, etc) [18].

	====Boolean Values====		====Boolean Values====
	In Python you have a boolean data type called bool which is a subclass of int and which can either be True or False. Every Python object can either be True or False which is defined by overriding the __nonzero__ method of an object. By default all empty objects (empty lists, ~~dicts~~, tuples, strings etc) are False. This also applies to 0 and 0.0 [19].		In Python you have a boolean data type called bool which is a subclass of int and which can either be True or False. Every Python object can either be True or False which is defined by overriding the __nonzero__ method of an object. By default all empty objects (empty lists, dictionaries, tuples, strings etc) are False. This also applies to 0 and 0.0 [19].

	In Ruby the situation is completely different. There is no boolean data type but there are two singletons (true, instance of TrueClass and false, instance of FalseClass). Everything but nil and false is true. It's also not override-able [19].		In Ruby the situation is completely different. There is no boolean data type but there are two [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms998426.aspx singletons] (true, instance of TrueClass and false, instance of FalseClass). Everything but nil and false is true. It's also not override-able [19].

	====Syntax Differences====		====Syntax Differences====
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	==Differences in (Web) Programming Environments==		==Differences in (Web) Programming Environments==
	Web development in Ruby is done using the framework, Ruby on Rails. Ruby on Rails, often shortened to Rails or RoR, is an open source web application framework used with an Agile development methodology for rapid development. It uses the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture pattern to organize application programming [20]. Considered to be one of the best web development frameworks in the market, Ruby on Rails has helped to substantially increase the popularity of Ruby.		Web development in Ruby is done using the framework, Ruby on Rails. Ruby on Rails, often shortened to Rails or RoR, is an open source web application framework used with an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development Agile] development methodology for rapid development. It uses the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controller Model-View-Controller (MVC)] architecture pattern to organize application programming [20]. Considered to be one of the best web development frameworks in the market, Ruby on Rails has helped to substantially increase the popularity of Ruby.

	In the case of Python, there are several web development frameworks such as Django, Grok, Pylons, TurboGears, web2py, Zope [21]. Django is designed with a similar architecture and feature set as Rails to be just as efficient without being just a clone.		In the case of Python, there are several web development frameworks such as [http://www.djangoproject.com/ Django], [http://grok.zope.org/ Grok], [http://pylonshq.com/ Pylons], [http://turbogears.org/ TurboGears], [http://www.web2py.com/ web2py], [http://www.zope.org/ Zope] [21]. Django is designed with a similar architecture and feature set as Rails to be just as efficient without being just a clone.

	So while either frameworks may be used to develop a good web application, there are certain differences in both these frameworks [22]:		So while either frameworks may be used to develop a good web application, there are certain differences in both these frameworks [22]:
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	Python may be considered better than Ruby in the following cases [24]:		Python may be considered better than Ruby in the following cases [24]:
	* Performance		* Performance
	:Ruby's interpreter performance trails compared to Python mainly due to the design of the interpreter. To execute Ruby code, the interpreter builds a syntax tree from the source code and then evaluates the syntax tree directly, instead of first compiling it into a more efficiently executable form.		:Ruby's interpreter performance trails compared to Python mainly due to the design of the interpreter. To execute Ruby code, the interpreter builds a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree syntax tree] from the source code and then evaluates the syntax tree directly, instead of first compiling it into a more efficiently executable form.
	* Threading		* Threading
	:Ruby's threading model has some inherent limitations which render it difficult to use or unsafe in some scenarios.		:Ruby's threading model has some inherent limitations which render it difficult to use or unsafe in some scenarios.

Snirgud at 21:55, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T21:55:35Z

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	====Strings in Python vs. Strings in Ruby====		====Strings in Python vs. Strings in Ruby====
	String objects in Python are immutable whereas in Ruby strings are mutable objects [9].		String objects in Python are [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutable immutable] whereas in Ruby strings are mutable objects [9].

	An immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. This is in contrast to a mutable object, which can be modified after it is created. If an object is known to be immutable, it can be copied simply by making a copy of a reference to it instead of copying the entire object. Because a reference is usually much smaller than the object itself, this results in memory savings and a boost in execution speed [10].		An immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. This is in contrast to a mutable object, which can be modified after it is created. If an object is known to be immutable, it can be copied simply by making a copy of a reference to it instead of copying the entire object. Because a reference is usually much smaller than the object itself, this results in memory savings and a boost in execution speed [10].
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	[1,2,3].each { \|i\| puts i}		[1,2,3].each { \|i\| puts i}

	In Python, the concept of code blocks does not exist but the ability of creating unnamed functions can be achieved using lambdas. The lambda function acts like any standard function in Python. A lambda may be used as follows [13]:		In Python, the concept of code blocks does not exist but the ability of creating unnamed functions can be achieved using [http://www.secnetix.de/olli/Python/lambda_functions.hawk lambdas]. The lambda function acts like any standard function in Python. A lambda may be used as follows [13]:
	>>> (lambda x: x*2)(3)		>>> (lambda x: x*2)(3)
	8		8
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	====Multiple Inheritance====		====Multiple Inheritance====
	Multiple inheritance refers to a feature of some object-oriented programming languages in which a class can inherit behaviors and features from more than one superclass. This contrasts with single inheritance, where a class may inherit from at most one superclass [14].		Multiple inheritance refers to a feature of some object-oriented programming languages in which a class can inherit behaviors and features from more than one [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superclass_(computer_science) superclass]. This contrasts with single inheritance, where a class may inherit from at most one superclass [14].

	Python offers support for multiple inheritance and a class definition with multiple base classes looks like this [15]:		Python offers support for multiple inheritance and a class definition with multiple base classes looks like this [15]:

Snirgud at 21:43, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T21:43:39Z

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	====Ruby====		====Ruby====
	Ruby is a dynamic, general purpose object-oriented programming language developed and designed by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto who wanted a scripting language that was more powerful than Perl, and more object-oriented than Python. Ruby supports multiple programming paradigms, including functional, object oriented, imperative and reflective. It also has a dynamic type system and automatic memory management; it is therefore similar in varying respects to Python [3].		Ruby is a dynamic, general purpose object-oriented programming language developed and designed by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto who wanted a scripting language that was more powerful than Perl, and more object-oriented than Python. Ruby supports multiple programming paradigms, including functional, object oriented, imperative and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_(computer_science) reflective]. It also has a dynamic type system and automatic memory management; it is therefore similar in varying respects to Python [3].

	Here's some sample ruby code: [4]		Here's some sample ruby code: [4]

Snirgud at 21:22, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T21:22:20Z

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	====Python====		====Python====
	Python is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-level_programming_language high-level] programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object-oriented, imperative, and functional), features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management and is often used as a scripting language [1].		Python is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-level_programming_language high-level] programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object-oriented, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programming imperative], and functional), features a fully [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_system#Dynamic_typing dynamic] type system and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_management automatic memory management] and is often used as a scripting language [1].

	Here's some sample python code: [2]		Here's some sample python code: [2]

Snirgud at 21:13, 16 September 2009

2009-09-16T21:13:00Z

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	====Python====		====Python====
	Python is a high-level programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object-oriented, imperative, and functional), features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management and is often used as a scripting language [1].		Python is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-level_programming_language high-level] programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object-oriented, imperative, and functional), features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management and is often used as a scripting language [1].

	Here's some sample python code: [2]		Here's some sample python code: [2]

Snirgud: /* Python */

2009-09-15T02:19:01Z

Python

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	====Python====		====Python====
	Python is a high-level programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object oriented, imperative, and functional), features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management and is often used as a scripting language [1].		Python is a high-level programming language with a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability, clear syntax and its standard library is large and comprehensive. Its use of indentation as block delimiters is unusual among popular programming languages. Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily object-oriented, imperative, and functional), features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management and is often used as a scripting language [1].

	Here's some sample python code: [2]		Here's some sample python code: [2]

Snirgud at 04:00, 12 September 2009

2009-09-12T04:00:04Z

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	<br>[34] http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=845563		<br>[34] http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=845563
	<br>[35] http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-416082.html		<br>[35] http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-416082.html
	<br>[36] http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general/		<br>[36] http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general

Kkraichu: /* Differences in (Web) Programming Environments */

2009-09-11T03:41:13Z

Differences in (Web) Programming Environments

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	* In terms of Performance and Scalability, Django is considered better.		* In terms of Performance and Scalability, Django is considered better.
	* Lesser number of plugins and support available for Django compared to Rails.		* Lesser number of plugins and support available for Django compared to Rails.


	Rails has for some time retained the top position in the popularity charts with developers. However, the situation seems to be changing with Django beating Rails since 2008 [23].		Rails has for some time retained the top position in the popularity charts with developers. However, the situation seems to be changing with Django beating Rails since 2008 [23].