CSC/ECE 517 Fall 2012/ch1 1w21 aa: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
A primitive data type is a basic or in-built type that a programming language provides for its users. These data types can be used for building other complex and composite data types [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type]. In most languages, primitive types usually consist of basic value types for representing the data to be stored. As these data types are built-in, the compilers for these languages usually provide inbuilt support for these data types and so would support most basic operations. In dynamically typed languages like Ruby, these are represented as objects and are referred to as primitive objects. This article discusses the various primitive data types/objects that are present in various objected oriented programming languages and their benefits.
Primitive datatypes are those that are not defined in terms of other data types. It is a basic or in-built type that a programming language provides for its users. These data types can be used for building other complex and composite data types [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type]. In most languages, primitive types usually consist of basic value types for representing the data to be stored. As these data types are built-in, the compilers for these languages usually provide inbuilt support for these data types and so would support most basic operations. In dynamically typed languages like Ruby, these are represented as objects and are referred to as primitive objects. This article discusses the various primitive data types/objects that are present in various objected oriented programming languages and their benefits.


== Primitive data types in C++ ==
== Primitive data types in C++ ==

Revision as of 21:36, 9 September 2012

Primitive Objects

Introduction

Primitive datatypes are those that are not defined in terms of other data types. It is a basic or in-built type that a programming language provides for its users. These data types can be used for building other complex and composite data types [1]. In most languages, primitive types usually consist of basic value types for representing the data to be stored. As these data types are built-in, the compilers for these languages usually provide inbuilt support for these data types and so would support most basic operations. In dynamically typed languages like Ruby, these are represented as objects and are referred to as primitive objects. This article discusses the various primitive data types/objects that are present in various objected oriented programming languages and their benefits.

Primitive data types in C++

C++ is a statically typed, objected oriented programming language. It is widely used on a lot of hardware and software platforms. As C++ just adds object oriented features and a few other enhancements to C, the primitive data types that it provides are same as those provided by C[2]. They are described below [3].

Name Description Size Range
int Basic numerical data. Can have modifiers that vary size and range. 4 bytes -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
char Can hold one character of data like an alphabet, number, or symbol represented in ASCII 1 byte -128 to 127
wchar_t used for storing compiler-defined wide characters and unicode characters [4] compiler defined compiler defined
float single precision floating-point 4 bytes ± 3.402,823,4 * 10^38
double double precision floating-point 8 bytes +/–1.7 * 10^308 [5]
bool represents logical values 1 byte true/false
void generic identifier that does not identify type [6] Does not exist Does not exist

C++ allows variables of any of these data types to be created and also supports using these data types to construct complex data types like structures and classes. C++ also provides pointers that can be used to store the address of a variable of any simple or complex data type.

Primitive data types in Java

There is a certain group of data types that is used very frequently by the programmer. These types are included in the Java language as the primitive data types.These data types have a fixed size which does not change from one system to another and adds to the portability feature of java. There are 8 primitive data types defined in java which are as follows:[7]

Name Description Size(in bits) Range Usage Default Value
byte Signed two's complement integer 8 bits -128 to 127 This datatype can be used in arrays where there is a space constraint to save memory. 0
short Signed two's complement integer 16 bits -32,768 to 32,767 This datatype can also be used to save memory in large arrrays. 0
int signed two's complement integer 32 bits -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 This datatype is generally the default datatype for all the numbers we use in our program. 0
long signed two's complement integer 64 bits -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,373,036,854,775,807 This type is used when we require a value that is outside the range of values provided by int. 0L
float Single-precision IEEE 754 floating point 32 bits 32-bit IEEE 754 floating-point numbers. Use this datatype to save memory in large arrays. 0.0f
double Double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point 64 bits 64-bit IEEE 754 floating-point numbers. This data type is generally the default for decimal values. 0.0d
boolean Boolean 1- bit false, true Use this data type for flags that track a true or false condition. false
char a char is a single 16-bit character encoded using Unicode 16 bit Unicode character \u0000(0) through unicode character \uffff(65,535) This type is used to define single characters. '\u0000'

Besides these 8 primitive data types java provides support to characterstrings through Java.lang.String class. String is not a primitive datatype but its usage and functionality makes us think of it being so.

Primitive data types in C#

C# is a statically-typed object oriented programming language. C# provides all the data types that are available in Java, and adds support for unsigned numerals and a new 128-bit high-precision floating-point type. All primitive data types in C# are objects in the System namespace. The various primitive data types in C# are defined below:[8]

Name .NET Class Size Description Range
byte System.Byte 8 bits 8-bit unsigned integral type. 0 to 255
sbyte System.SByte 8 bits signed two's complement integer -128 to 127
short System.Int16 16 bits 16-bit signed integral type. -32,768 to 32,767
ushort System.UInt16 16 bits 16-bit unsigned integral type. 0 to 65,535
int Int32 32 bits signed two's complement integer -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
uint System.Int32 32 bits 32-bit signed integral type. 0 to 4,294,967,295
long System.Int64 64 bits 64-bit signed integral type. -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,373,036,854,775,807
ulong System.UIint64 64 bits 64-bit unsigned integral type. 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
float System.Single 32 bits Single-precision floating-point type. -3.402823e38 to 3.02823e38
double System.Double 64 bits Double-precision floating-point type. -1.79769313486232e308 to 1.79769313486232e308
bool System.Boolean 1 bit Logical Boolean type false, true
char System.Char 16 bits A 16-bit Unicode character. Unicode character \u0000 through unicode character \uffff
object System.Object N/A Ultimate base type of all other types. N/A
string System.String N/A A sequence of Unicode characters. N/A
decimal System.Decimal 128 Precise decimal with 28 significant digits. ±1.0 × 10e−28 to ±7.9 × 10e28

Primitive data types/objects in Ruby

Advantages and Disadvantages

Conclusion